UKWIGISHA

Aniline ni umuti w’ibinyabuzima, cane cane amine ya mbere. Igizwe n’impeta ya benzene ifatanye n’umugwi w’amino . Aniline ni amavuta kandi, naho ata n’ibara, ishobora gukoreshwa buhoro buhoro kandi igakurwaho muikirerekugira ngo ibe ibihumanye bishobora kuyiha igiti c’umutuku . Inyuguti yayo yo guteka ni184 degreeikingano n'aho bishongera ni -degre 6 icese. Ni amazi mu bushuhe bwo mu cumba. Nk'uko benshi bahinduka, ifise ikintu kidashimishije .akamotoy’ifi ziboze, kandi irafise n’akamoto k’akamoto kakaka; ni ubumara bw'ubumara bwinshi cane. Irakata neza, guturira n'urubeya runini rw'umwotsi . Aniline ikora n'aside ikomeye kugira ngo ibe umunyu urimwo .alilinium(cankeivyipfuzo) iyoni (C6H5- NH3+),kandi igakorana n’ibihimba vy’umubiri (nk’uko .acetyl chloride (ethonoyl chloride), CH3COCl) kugira ngo ibe ay'imbere. amides zakozwe kuva kuri aniline rimwe na rimwe zitwa anilides, kuakaroreroCH3-CO-NH-C6H5 niacetanilide, iyo izina ry'iki gihe ni N-phenyl ehanamide. Nk'ibihimba vy'umubiri, ibiva kuri aniline birakora cane mu bikorwa vy'ugusubirira memory . Nk'akarorero, sulfonation ya aniline ihinguraaside y'amazi, ishobora guhindurwa .sulfanilamide. Sulfanilamideni kimwe mu biyobyabwenge vya sulfa vyakoreshejwe cane nk’imiti irwanya imigera mu ntango z’ikinjana ca 20. Aniline yabanza kwitandukanya n’ugusenya indigo mu 1826 na Otto Unverdorben. Mu 1834, Urutonde rwa Friedrich rwatandukanye n’ikintu cavuyemwo ibara ryiza ry’ubururu ku bijanye n’ukuvurwa n’kloride ya lime; ivyo yari yiseNornolcanke cyanol . Mu 1841, C{2}} J{3}} Fritzsche yerekanye ko mu gufata indigo n'inyugutiporotaryatanze amavuta, ayo yise aniline, kuva ku izina ryihariye ry’imwe mu bihingwa vy’indigo, Indigofera, aril iva mu gisansikiriti, ubururu bwijimye .

Gukurikiza aniline bishobora kubaho mu guhema umuyaga wo hanze, kunywa itabi, canke gukora canke kuba hafi y’inganda aho rikorwa canke rikoreshwa . Ingaruka z’umubiri (igihe gito) n’ingaruka zidahera (igihe kirekire) z’umuntu agizwe ahanini n’ingaruka ku mahaha, nk’ugushavura kw’uguhema no gufata ingingo. Ugushikirwa n’indwara y’umusonga na vyo nyene bishobora gutuma habaho ingaruka ku maraso. kidahagije kugira ngo umuntu ashike ku ciyumviro c’uko aniline ari imvo n’imvano y’ibivyimba vy’umuhogo mu gihe inyigisho z’ibikoko zigaragaza ko aniline itera ibivyimba vy’umubiri w’umubiri w’umubiri ({5}} EPA yashize mu rutonde rwa aniline nk’umugwi wa B2, kanseri y’umuntu.

UKUNTU niumuhondoku mazi y'amavuta y'umukara afise akamoto k'amafi k'umukozi{0}} Ingingo y'uguzimya -6℃; point 184℃; flash point 158℃F{4}} Ihitamwo kurutaamazi (8.5 lb / gal) kandi bishobora gusenyuka gatoyi mu .amazi. Ibicapo biremerera kuruta umuyaga. Ubushobozi biciye mu gufata urukoba no guhumeka. Bikora ubumara bw’ubumara bw’azote mu gihe c’ugusha . Ikoreshwa mu guhingura ibindi binyabuzima, cane cane amarangi, imiti y’uburimyi, imiti y’uburimyi n’ibindi .